人教版初三上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)第六單元總結(jié)
GuessthemeaningofthefollowingproverbsGodhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助之。
Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.誰(shuí)笑到最后,誰(shuí)笑得最好。
HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢。
定語(yǔ):
是對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子,漢語(yǔ)中常用“的”表示。acleverboytheboilingwaterfallenleaves
Themanwhoyouarelookingfor
定語(yǔ)從句
定語(yǔ)從句:
修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句。
DoyouknowthemanwhocametoseeXiaoYangthismorning?Tomisahandsomeboy.Thelittleboyneedsabluepen.Theboyintheclassroomneedsapen.ThepenboughtbyherismadeinChina.Themanstandingthereismyteacher.
Theboywhoisreadingneedsthepenwhichyouboughtyesterday.小結(jié)論:
單詞或單個(gè)的分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常放在它所修飾的詞之前,作前置定語(yǔ)。分詞短語(yǔ),介短和從句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)則放在所修飾的詞之后,作后置定語(yǔ)。
先行詞:
被修飾的名詞或代詞。關(guān)系詞:
引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞,關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。
關(guān)系代詞:
that,which,who,whom,whose,as
關(guān)系副詞:
where,when,why重要推論:關(guān)系詞的3個(gè)作用1引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。2代替先行詞。
3在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。題一題面:
Matchthetwosentences
1.I’mreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._______________________________________2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._______________________________________3.Idon’tliketheman.Heissmoking.____________________________________4.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek.____________________________________HeisaChinese.
HeplaysanimportantpartinNBA.變?yōu)槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句
HewasborninShanghai.Shanghaiisaninternationalcity.警示:
關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須與先行詞保持一致。
Thosewhoareagainsttheplanputupyourhands.Themanwhoisnexttoussellsvegetable.※典型考點(diǎn)題二題面:
Tomisoneofthestudentswhopraisedbytheteacheryesterday.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhopraisedbytheteacheryesterday.Heisagoodman.Peopleareproudofhim.變?yōu)槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句Helovesbasketball.Heplaysbasketballverywell.變?yōu)槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句
Heisafamousbasketballplayer.HiswifeisYeLi.
關(guān)系代詞that,which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句:
如果先行詞是表示物的名詞或代詞,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that、which.(作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ))which/that作主語(yǔ).(不能省)Thisisadream.
Thedreamwillnevercometrue.
Thisisadreamwhich/thatwillnevercometrue.Thedoghasbeenfound.Thedogwaslost.
Thedogwhichwaslosthasbeenfound.(作主語(yǔ))
which/that作賓語(yǔ):(可省略)Thisisthecard.
I’vejustreceivedthecard.
Thisisthecard(which/that)I’vejustreceived.作賓語(yǔ)
關(guān)系代詞who,that,whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句:
如果先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who,that(作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ))whom(作賓語(yǔ))
who/that作主語(yǔ).(不能省)Thisisthefilmstar.
ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina.
Thisisthefilmstarwho/thatisverypopularinChina.(作主語(yǔ))who/whom/that作賓語(yǔ):(可省略)Themanisafamouswriter.Hedescribedthemanjustnow.
Theman(who/whom/that)hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter.(作賓語(yǔ))小結(jié):
that-既可指人,也可指物,作主語(yǔ),不能省略;作賓語(yǔ),可以省略。which-指物,作主語(yǔ),不能省略;作賓語(yǔ),可以省略.
who-指人,作主語(yǔ),不能省略;作賓語(yǔ),可以省略,(常用whom)
注:當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式由先行詞決定。whose作定語(yǔ),表示所屬關(guān)系。whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句注意點(diǎn)
whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,其后應(yīng)緊跟名詞,構(gòu)成名詞短語(yǔ)。whose與它所修飾的名詞一起可以作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。Thebossinwhosedepartmentheworkedhadheardthenews.whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,其先行詞既可以指人也可以指物。
whose的先行詞指物時(shí),可用ofwhich代替,但語(yǔ)序不同,即whose+名詞=the+名詞+ofwhich,或=ofwhich+the+名詞。
Thenovelwhosetitle(=thetitleofwhich或ofwhichthetitle)isRedandBlackisveryinteresting.
whose的先行詞指人時(shí),可用ofwhom代替,但語(yǔ)序不同,即whose+名詞=the+名詞+of
whom,或=ofwhom+the+名詞。題三題面:
Theboy____________isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.題四題面:
Thee-mail___________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.題五題面:
Theman______hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.題六題面:
我不認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)和你說(shuō)話的女孩。題七題面:
她是一個(gè)叫瑪麗的女孩。題八題面:
那些正在打網(wǎng)球的男孩是我的朋友。
擴(kuò)展閱讀:人教版英語(yǔ)初三知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)單元 (6)
201*-201*學(xué)年初中英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)(人教新目標(biāo))素材(含教案和練習(xí))
Unit6IlikemusicthatIcandanceto
一.教學(xué)內(nèi)容:
Unit6IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.
二.學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
1.學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)自己對(duì)某人或某物的喜愛(ài)和理由。
2.能對(duì)自己看過(guò)的書(shū)和電影,聽(tīng)過(guò)的CD進(jìn)行評(píng)述。
三.重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn):
由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句一些重點(diǎn)詞和短語(yǔ)的用法
四.重點(diǎn)詞和短語(yǔ):1.prefer更喜歡
prefertodo/doingsth.寧愿做某事prefersth.tosth.喜歡勝過(guò)preferdoing(sth)todoing(sth.)寧愿做(某事)而不愿做(另一件事)prefertodo…ratherthan(to)do…比起做(某事),更愿意做(另一件事)
【即學(xué)即用】
①M(fèi)ygrandmalikescountrylifebetterthancitylife.(改為同義句)Mygrandmacountrylifecitylife.
②Whilehewasintheoffice,hepreferreddoingsomethingtodonothing.(改錯(cuò))③我弟弟更喜歡乘火車(chē)旅行。(翻譯句子)2.danceto.隨著跳舞3.singalongwith跟唱
alongwith伴隨;同一道4.havegreatlyrics歌詞優(yōu)美5.kindof+名詞種類(lèi)differentkindsof不同種類(lèi)
some/several/many/allkindsof多種6.ondisplay展覽;陳列onshow
7.writeone’sownmusic/songs/lyrics寫(xiě)自己的歌/自己作詞8.takesth./sb.to+sp.帶某物/某人去某地9.remindsbofsth使某人想起某物10.dislike不喜歡
11.beimportanttosb.對(duì)某人重要
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beimportantforsb.todosth.做某事對(duì)某人很重要12.latestmovie/book最近的電影/書(shū)13.overtheyears多年來(lái)
14.lookforentertainments尋找樂(lè)趣15.haveafewgoodfeatures有一些優(yōu)點(diǎn)16.besuretodosth.確定做某事
17.thebestknown=themostfamous最杰出的
18.photosofpeopleandofthecountryside人物和鄉(xiāng)村照片19.interestsb.動(dòng)詞“使某人感興趣”interest名詞“興趣”
takeaninterestin=beinterestedin對(duì)感興趣interested形容詞“感興趣的”主語(yǔ)是人interesting形容詞“令人感興趣的”主語(yǔ)是物【即學(xué)即用】
用interest的適當(dāng)形式填空
①WhatBenisallthehistoryoftheseplaces.
②HarryPotterisaverybook.Childrenareallinit.20.aworldclasssb/photographer世界級(jí)人物/攝影大師21.prettystrange十分奇怪
aprettygirl一個(gè)漂亮的女孩22.comeandgo潮起潮落/興盛衰敗23.goonavacation去度假
24.agreatplacetovisit一個(gè)參觀的好地方25.luckytobehere很幸運(yùn)能在這兒26.six-monthEnglishcourse六個(gè)月的英語(yǔ)課程27.somuchtoseeanddo許多可看可做的事28.suitsb(fine)適合
29.tastegood/delicious/bad/sweet嘗起來(lái)美味/難吃/甜30.agroupofyoungpeople一群年青人31.gettogether聚在一起
32.keephealthy=stayhealthy保持健康33.tobehonest老實(shí)說(shuō);說(shuō)實(shí)在的34.bebadfor對(duì)有害begoodfor對(duì)有好處
begoodat=dowellin擅長(zhǎng)于35.takecareof照顧
36.stayawayfrom與保持距離37.beinagreement意見(jiàn)一致的38.actually=infact實(shí)際上
39.increasetheriskofcancer增大致癌機(jī)率40.evenif即使
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41.eatabalanceddiet飲食均衡
五.重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)、考點(diǎn)及疑點(diǎn)注釋
1.Iprefermusicthathasgreatlyrics.我更喜歡有好歌詞的音樂(lè)。(SectionA,1a)prefer是及物動(dòng)詞,意為“寧愿,更喜歡”,相當(dāng)于likebetter。Whichdoyouprefer(=likebetter),riceorbread?你比較喜歡哪一樣,米飯還是面包?句型拓展
◎prefersbtodosth表示“寧愿某人做某事”。
Theypreferredtheirsontogotothecountryside.他們寧可讓兒子去農(nóng)村。◎prefer+(doing)sth+to(doing)sth表示“寧愿而不愿”。Ipreferpearstoanyotherfruit.我喜歡梨勝過(guò)其他的水果。
MygrandmapreferstakingawalktosittinginfrontoftheTV.我奶奶寧愿去散步而不愿看電視。
◎prefertodosthratherthandosth表示“寧愿做而不愿做”。
Mybrotherpreferredtodohishomeworkratherthangotothezoo.我的弟弟寧愿做作業(yè)而不愿去動(dòng)物園。2.Whataboutyou?你呢?(SectionA,1c)Whatabout…?是口語(yǔ)中常用的句型,通常用于征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)或詢問(wèn)情況等情景。類(lèi)似的表達(dá)還有Howabout…?其中介詞about后面接名詞、代詞或v-ing形式等。如:
I’mhungry.Whataboutyou?我餓了。你呢?(詢問(wèn)情況)
Mymotherisadoctor.Howaboutyourmother?我母親是一名醫(yī)生。那你母親呢?(詢問(wèn)情況)---Whatdoyoudoafterschool?你放學(xué)后干什么?
---Howaboutplayingfootball?踢足球怎么樣?(提出建議)---Wherecanwehaveourlunch?我們能到哪兒去吃午飯呢?
---WhataboutatMcDonald’s?在麥當(dāng)勞吃怎么樣?(征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn))3.Whatdoyouthinkofit?你認(rèn)為它怎么樣?(SectionA,3b)thinkof和what連用,表示“覺(jué)得怎樣”,“認(rèn)為如何”,常用來(lái)詢問(wèn)對(duì)方對(duì)某人或某一事物的看法、感受、印象如何,相當(dāng)于Howdoyoulike...?回答時(shí)應(yīng)講出自己對(duì)該事物的意見(jiàn)、看法等。
Whatdoyouthinkofthestory?=Howdoyoulikethestory?你覺(jué)得這個(gè)故事怎么樣?
---Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?你認(rèn)為這部電影怎么樣?---It’sboring.沒(méi)勁。知識(shí)拓展
當(dāng)自己提出一個(gè)想法或建議,然后詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)時(shí),常用“Whatdoyouthink?”的句型。Ithinkwecanwalkthere.Whatdoyouthink?我想我們可以步行去那兒。你覺(jué)得呢?Tomsayswecan’tdoit.Whatdoyouthink?湯姆說(shuō)這事我們干不了。你怎么看?短語(yǔ)鏈接
◎thinkhighlyof...“對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)高”。
Wethinkhighlyoftheirresearchinthefield.我們對(duì)他們?cè)谶@領(lǐng)域里的研究評(píng)價(jià)很高。4.Itdoeshaveafewgoodfeatures,though.可是,它的確有一些好的特色。(SectionB,3a)
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⑴助動(dòng)詞does在本句中表示強(qiáng)調(diào),意為“真的,的確”。這是強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的方式。在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中用do或does,在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中用did。僅限于這兩種時(shí)態(tài)。does要重讀,后面接動(dòng)詞原形。
Youdolooknicetoday.你今天看起來(lái)真漂亮。
Shedoestalkalot,doesn’tshe?她的確愛(ài)說(shuō)話,不是嗎?知識(shí)拓展
◎助動(dòng)詞does可用在肯定句中,避免重復(fù)前面已經(jīng)用過(guò)的某個(gè)動(dòng)詞。Shesaidshe’dhelpmeandshedid.她說(shuō)她將幫助我,她也是這樣做的!蚱硎咕渲杏胐o可以使邀請(qǐng)的口氣更加客氣、熱情或友好。Dositdown!請(qǐng)坐!
⑵though在此處為副詞,意思是“盡管如此,然而”。常用于口語(yǔ)中,放在句尾。如:Hesaidhewouldcome,hedidn’t,though.他說(shuō)他會(huì)來(lái),可是并沒(méi)有來(lái)。I’veabitofcold.It’snothingmuch,though.我有點(diǎn)感冒,不過(guò)并不嚴(yán)重。◎though也可用作連詞,意為“雖然,盡管”,放在句首或句中,不能與but連用。如:Thoughitwasverylate,hewentonworking.雖然很晚了,他還繼續(xù)工作。
Mr.Smith,thoughhewasyoung,diditverywell.史密斯先生雖然年輕,卻做得很好。5.Whateveryoudo,don’tmissthisexhibition.無(wú)論如何都別錯(cuò)過(guò)這次展覽。(SectionB,3a)whatever在這里是連接代詞,意為“任何的事物”、“無(wú)論什么”、“無(wú)論什么樣的”等,是由“疑問(wèn)詞+ever”構(gòu)成的。
Whateverhasabeginningalsohasanend.凡事有始必有終。
Whateveryoudo,youshouldalwaysdocarefully.不管做什么,你都應(yīng)該認(rèn)真。知識(shí)拓展
◎類(lèi)似的詞還有whenever,wherever,however,whoever,分別是“無(wú)論什么時(shí)候”、“無(wú)論在哪里”、“無(wú)論以什么方式”、“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”的意思。
WheneverImeethim,hesayshellotomewithasmile.
無(wú)論什么時(shí)候我遇到他,他都微笑著和我打招呼。Thelittleboywentwhereverhismotherwent.不論他媽媽去哪兒,這個(gè)小男孩都跟著。Inmyownhouse,IcandowhateverIwish.在自己家中,我可以隨心所欲。
UncleTomtoldhisstorytowhoeverwantedtolisten.誰(shuí)愛(ài)聽(tīng),湯姆叔叔就把他的故事講給誰(shuí)聽(tīng)!騨omatter表示“無(wú)論,不管”,后面常接who,what,which,where,when,how等,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,相當(dāng)于whoever,whatever,whichever,wherever,whenever,however。如:
Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwon’tletyougo.無(wú)論你說(shuō)什么,我都不會(huì)放你走。Nomatterwhocomes,lethimwait.不管誰(shuí)來(lái),都讓他等著。
6....I’mluckytobehereformysix-monthEnglishcourse.我很幸運(yùn)在這里上了6個(gè)月的英語(yǔ)課。(SelfCheck2)
six-month是由數(shù)詞加名詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞,中間用連字符連接起來(lái)作定語(yǔ)修飾后面的名詞。atwo-monthholiday=twomonths’holiday=aholidayoftwomonths兩個(gè)月的假期atwenty-floorbuilding=abuildingoftwentyfloors一幢二十層的樓魔力糾錯(cuò)
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房間里有兩個(gè)18歲大的男孩。
誤:Therearetwo18-years-oldboysintheroom.正:Therearetwo18-year-oldboysintheroom.魔力解析
注意:連字符后緊跟的名詞必須用單數(shù)。
7.Ipreferquiet,traditionalmusicsotheconcertsuitedmejustfine.(SelfCheck2)我更愿意聽(tīng)安靜的傳統(tǒng)的音樂(lè),因此音樂(lè)會(huì)更適合我的胃口。
(1)quiet表示“平靜的,寧?kù)o的”,是一個(gè)常用詞。Thisisaquietstreet.這是一條寧?kù)o的街道。(2)suit作動(dòng)詞表示“適合,合適,相稱”,后面既可以接賓語(yǔ),也可以不接賓語(yǔ)。既可指衣服顏色、款式“合適”,也可指時(shí)間、食物等適合。
Thedresssuitswell.這衣服很合身。
Thedresssuitsmewell.這衣服很合我身。
I’mafraidSundaysuitsmebetter.我想星期日對(duì)我更合適。另外suit也可作名詞,意為“一套衣服”。Heiswearingasuit.他穿著一套西裝。⑶fit作動(dòng)詞也表示“適合”,常指衣服鞋帽的大小、尺寸合適。
Theshoesdon’tfitme.Canyougivemealargerpair?這雙鞋我穿著不合腳。你能給我一雙大點(diǎn)的嗎?8.I’mnotsurewhattoexpectbecauseI’veneverseenanIndianfilmbefore.(SelfCheck2)我沒(méi)有抱多大的指望,因?yàn)槲覐奈纯催^(guò)印度電影。
expect是及物動(dòng)詞,意為“期待,盼望”,其后面常跟動(dòng)詞不定式、從句等。SheexpectstocomebackonSunday.她預(yù)計(jì)星期天回來(lái)。IexpectthatI’llfinishmyhomeworkin10minutes.我預(yù)計(jì)10分鐘后就能做完作業(yè)。特別提示
expect的后面還可以跟復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。
Whatdoyouexpectmetosaytotheteacher?你希望我和老師說(shuō)些什么?9.Oh!AndIstayawayfromsugar.噢!我不吃糖。stayawayfrom在此表示“不吃(某類(lèi)食品)”。如:
Thedoctoradvisedhimtostayawayfromfatteningfood.醫(yī)生勸他不要吃油膩的食品!騭tayawayfrom還有“不去(某處),不上(學(xué),班),不要靠近,走開(kāi),避開(kāi)”等意。Stayawayfromme,I’vegotabadcold.不要靠近我,我得了感冒。Whydidyoustayawayfromschool?你為什么不上學(xué)?
六.語(yǔ)法:
解決疑點(diǎn),走近“定語(yǔ)從句”
定語(yǔ)從句在英語(yǔ)閱讀材料里處處可見(jiàn)。它是初中階段的重要語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容,也是學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的難點(diǎn)。我們先來(lái)了解一下定語(yǔ):
一本有趣的書(shū)aninterestingbook形容詞interesting做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞book一位漂亮的女孩abeautifulgirl形容詞beautiful做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞girl定語(yǔ)就是在句子中修飾名詞或代詞的詞。我們還可以說(shuō)成:
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abookthatisinterestingthatisinteresting這個(gè)句子做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞bookagirlwhoisbeautifulwhoisbeautiful這個(gè)句子做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞girl
interesting和thatisinteresting作用是相同的,都是用作定語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾名詞book,我們把這種在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。
【疑點(diǎn)之一】下面句子中劃線的部分作何句子成分?
Sheprefersfriendswhoareoutgoing.【答疑解難】劃線部分是定語(yǔ)從句,作定語(yǔ)。首先了解定語(yǔ)從句的概念:
在復(fù)合句中,修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。學(xué)好定語(yǔ)從句,還應(yīng)了解定語(yǔ)從句的相關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ):
先行詞:被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。如上句中的friends。
關(guān)系詞:引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞包括關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that,which,who,whom,whose,關(guān)系副詞有where,when,why等。如上句中的who就是關(guān)系代詞。在本單元,我們重點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。
圖表分析:Ilikemusicthat/whichIcandanceto.先行詞|關(guān)系代詞|定語(yǔ)從句
【疑點(diǎn)之二】如何選用關(guān)系代詞呢?關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中又作何成分呢?【答疑解難】看了表格,你就明白了。關(guān)系代詞thatwhichwhowhom在從句中的作用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)(在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中也常用作賓語(yǔ))是who的賓格,作賓語(yǔ)指人或物指人或物指物(可與that互換)指人(可與that互換)指人是who的所有格,作后面名詞的定語(yǔ)指人或物whose當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)用who,whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ);當(dāng)先行詞指物時(shí)用which;that既指人又指物。這些關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)時(shí)關(guān)系代詞不可省略,作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。例如:
①I(mǎi)likemusic(先行詞)that/which(關(guān)系代詞)Icandanceto.
②Ilovesingers(先行詞)who/that(關(guān)系代詞)writetheirownsongs.
③Thegirl(先行詞)whom(關(guān)系代詞)youmetdaysagomovedtoanothercity.在①句中,關(guān)系代詞that/which在從句中作賓語(yǔ),可以省略。在②句中,關(guān)系代詞who/that在從句中作主語(yǔ),不可以省略。在③句中,關(guān)系代詞whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ),可以省略。(注意:在口語(yǔ)中常用who代替whom)
【疑點(diǎn)之三】定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)如何確定?
【答疑解難】關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上須和先行詞保持一致。如:①Thatisoneofthemostinterestingbooksthataresoldinthebookstore.
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②Theoldwomanwhoiswearingapairofglassesismygrandma.
【疑點(diǎn)之四】Thecity(that/which)shelivesinisveryfaraway.=Thecityinwhichshelivesisveryfaraway.定語(yǔ)從句中介詞的位置是怎樣的?
【答疑解難】關(guān)系代詞做介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),介詞不能放在that,who的前面,只能放在從句中有關(guān)動(dòng)詞的后面。但可以放在which,whom的前面。再如:
ThemanyoujusttalkedtoisMrZhang.=ThemantowhomyoujusttalkedisMrZhang.
【典型例題】
I.根據(jù)句意,用關(guān)系代詞that,who,whom,whose或which填空。1.Thosehavefinishedtheworkcanleave.
2.Thebookheboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.3.ThedoctorIspoketotoldmenottoworry.
4.Thehousesarebuiltinthisdistrictareratherexpensive.5.Thechildmotherhaslefthimiscryingloudly.
II.選擇正確答案。
1.Myparentsusuallybuymesomesimpleclothescanlastalongtime.A.whoB.thatC.whomD.whose
2.DoyouknowthemanissittingbehindNancy?A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whom
3.I’mlookingatthephotographyousentmewithyourletter.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.it
4.Yourparentsarethepersonsyoushouldwrite.A.thatB.whomC.whoD.towhom
5.Theyoungladywemetyesterdayisournewmathteacher.A.whatB.whoseC.whomD.which
答案:
I.1.who2.(that/which)3.(whom/who/that)4.that/which5.whose
II.1~5BCCDC
[中考聚焦]
考點(diǎn)1.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
⑴MissGreenistheonlypersoncanhelpyouwithyourEnglish.(201*浙江杭州)A.sheB.whomC.whichD.who
⑵Iliketoliveinahouseisbigandbright.(201*北京市)
A.thatB.whoC.howD.why
要點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)析:當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)用who,whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ);當(dāng)先行詞指物時(shí)用which;that既指人又指物。句⑴選D,句⑵選A。
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考點(diǎn)2.prefer
⑴---Doyouprefergrapesbananas?(201*陜西)
---Iprefergrapesbananas.
A.to,orB.or,toC.than,toD.or,than
⑵Whenpeoplewanttorelaxthemselves,theypreferTVorlistentomusicratherthannewspaper.(201*山東臨沂)
A.watching;readB.watching;toreadC.towatch;readD.towatch;reading要點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)析:prefersth.“更喜歡”,與likebetter同義。后面可以加名詞、代詞、v-ing作賓語(yǔ)。它的現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞,字母r應(yīng)雙寫(xiě),即:preferring,preferred,preferred。
prefer有多種用法:①prefertodo/doingsth.“寧愿做某事”②prefersth.tosth.“喜歡勝過(guò)”③preferdoing(sth.)todoing(sth.)“比起更愿意做”④preferto…ratherthan(to)do…“比起寧意做”。句⑴選B,句⑵選C。
考點(diǎn)3.疑問(wèn)詞+ever
We’llnevergiveupourplanhappens.(201*遼寧大連)
A.howeverB.whateverC.wheneverD.wherever
要點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)析:由“疑問(wèn)詞+ever”構(gòu)成的詞有whatever,whenever,wherever,however,whichever,whoever等。根據(jù)句意“無(wú)論發(fā)生什么事,我們也不放棄我們的計(jì)劃。”可知選B。
考點(diǎn)4.ondisplay
ThereareallkindsofcarsondisplayintheWorldTradeCenter.(詞語(yǔ)釋義)
A.onthewayB.areplayedC.onshowD.areshown(201*湖北黃岡)要點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)析:ondisplay=onshow表示“展覽;陳列”。A.ontheway表示“在的路上”。B和D都表示被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),不合題意。選C。
考點(diǎn)5.remindsb.ofsth./sb.
ActionmoviesmeofJackieChan.(201*云南昆明)
A.remindB.thinkC.hearD.miss要點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)析:remindsb.ofsth./sb.表示“使某人想起某事或某人”,是一固定搭配。B.thinkof“想起”C.hearof“聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)”D.miss“思念、想念”。故選A。
【模擬試題】(答題時(shí)間:80分鐘)
I.單項(xiàng)選擇
1.WherearethejeansIoftenwear?A.whoB.thatC.theseD.those
2.Therearemanyoldpeoplearetakingawalkinthepark.A.thoseB.whichC.whoD.whom
3.Danny,thisistheclassroomIusedtostudyintenyearsago.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.where
4.---Myelderbrotherlikesclothesthatunusual.
---Oh,Idon’tthinkstudentsshouldbeallowedtowearsuchstrangeclothes.
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A.wereB.amC.isD.are5.Takingexercisecankeepyou.
A.strongandhealthB.stronglyandhealthilyC.strongandhealthyD.stronglyandhealth6.Manysingerslikewritingownmusic.A.hisB.herC.theirD.theirs
7.Thispieceofclassicalmusicusourunforgettableschoollife.A.fills;withB.reminds;ofC.lets;downD.escapes;form8.---Iprefer.Wouldyouliketosingwithus?---Yes,I’dliketo.
A.tosingingtodancingB.tosingtodanceC.singingtodanceD.singingtodancing
9.Thethingsinthemuseumweremadelongago.
A.ondisplayedB.ondisplayC.ondisplayingD.ondisplays10.yougo,youcandosomethingaroundyourneighborhood.A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhereverD.Whoever11.---WeMiketowinthematch.Buthelostit.---Whatapity!
A.hopedB.gotC.expectedD.thought12.Idon’tlikerockmusic.Itoftenmecrazy.A.letsB.makesC.asksD.orders13.---Itissaidthatononeboughtthatkindoffruit.---That’strue.Ittasted.
A.goodB.terribleC.wellD.terribly
14.Thisdressstilllooksprettyonyou,itisoutofstyle.A.thoughB.butC.sinceD.if
15.TVplaysdon’ttheboys.Theysports.
A.interest;preferB.interested;likeC.interesting;likeD.interesting;prefer
II.完形填空
Timespentinabookshopcanbeenjoyable.Ifyougotoa16shop,noassistant(營(yíng)業(yè)員)willcomeuptoyouandtrytoencourageyoutobuyabookasquicklyaspossible.You17buyanythingyoudon’twant.Youcantrytofindout18thebookyouwantisbyyourself.Butifyoufail,theassistantwilllead(引導(dǎo))youthereandthengoaway.Itseemsthatheis19sellingbooksatall.Thereisastoryaboutagoodbookshop.Amedical(醫(yī)學(xué)的)student20averyusefulbookintheshop,21itwastooexpensiveforhimtobuy.Hecouldn’tgetitfromthelibrary,either.Everyafternoon,hewenttotheshoptoread22atatime.Oneday,however(然而),hecouldn’tfind23initsusualplaceandwasleavingwhenhesawanassistantsignaling(示意)tohim.Tohissurprise,theassistantpointedtoabook24,“Iputittheresoasnottobesoldout,”saidtheassistant.Thenhe25thestudenttoallowhimtogoonwithhisreading.
16.A.goodB.badC.cheapD.expensive17.A.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.can’t
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18.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.when
19.A.surprisedatB.notsurprisedatC.interestedinD.notinterestedin20.A.boughtB.foundC.readD.took21.A.butB.andC.soD.or22.A.littleB.alittlebitC.fewD.afew
23.A.thebookB.theshopC.theaD.theshopkeeper24.A.inabookshopB.inhishandC.inacornerD.inhispocket25.A.taughtB.letC.helpedD.left
III.閱讀理解
APopularmusicinAmericaiswhateverystudentlikes.Studentscarrysmallradioswithearphonesandlistentomusicbeforeclass,afterclass,andatlunch.Studentswithcarsbuylargespeakersandplaythemusicloudlyastheydriveonthestreet.
Adult(成年的)driverslistentomusiconthecarradioastheydrivetowork.Theyalsolistentothenewsaboutsports,theweather,andthelifeofAmericanpeople.Mostoftheradioprogrammersaremusic.
Poporpopularmusicsingersmakemuchmoney.TheymakeaCDoratapewhichradiostationsuseinmanyplaces.Oncethepopularsingerisheardalloverthecountry,youngpeoplebuyhisorhertape.Someofthemoneyfromthesetapesgoestothesinger.Whereverthesingergoes,alltheyoungpeoplewanttomeethimorher.Nowthesingerhasbecomeanational(國(guó)家的)star.
ThereareotherkindsofmusicthatareimportanttoAmericans.Oneiscalledfolk(民間)music.IttellsstoriesaboutthecommonlifeofAmericans.Anotheriswesternorcountrymusic.Thiswasstartedbycowboys(牛仔)whowouldsingatnighttothecowstheywerewatching.Today,anymusicaboutcountrylifeandthe1ovebetweenacountryboyandhisgirliscalledwesternorcountrymusic.26.______kindsofmusicarementionedinthispassage.
A.TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.Five27.Whenpopsingers_______,theywillbecomenationalstarsA.makemuchmoneyB.makeaCDoratapeC.arelovedbyalltheyoungpeopleD.arewantedtosingon
28.Fromthepassageweknowthatcountrymusicisaboutthe________.A.commonlifeofAmericansB.countrylifeandlovestoriesC.lifeofcowboysD.bothAandC29.Whichofhefollowingistrueaccordingtothispassage?A.FewstudentsinAmericalikepopularmusic.
B.StudentswithcarsinAmericaliketolistentomusicwhiledriving.C.AdultdriversinAmericalistentomusicallthetimewhiledriving.D.EveryoneinAmericawantstomeetpopsingerswherevertheygo.30.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.AmericanMusic.B.PopularMusic.C.HistoryofMusic.D.WesternMusic.
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BIcan’trememberwhenIfellinlovewithmusic.MaybeithappenedwhenIwasfeelingbluesometimelongago.
Ican’ttellyouexactlyhowmusicmakesmefeelbetter.ButwhenIlistentomusic,especiallylightmusic,itmakesmefeelcalmandpeaceful.
NowIamlisteningtoasongnamedMoonRiver.Itreallyisafantasticsong.Itinspiredmetowritethisarticle.Ididn’tlikethissongatthebeginning,butlaterfounditsslowmelodyandbeautifullyricsdeeplytouching.
“Oh,dreammaker,youheartbreaker.
Whereveryou’regoingI"mgoingyourway.Twodriftersofftoseetheworld.There’ssuchalotofworldtosee.”
Yes.Althoughthereisalongwaytogoforthedrifterandmaybetherearemanytroublesahead,heseemsafraidofnothing.
Ilikemusic.Musicremindsmethathumanbeingshavealotincommoneveniftheycomefromdifferentcountriesorbackgrounds,becauseweallhavethesamefeelingsorunderstandingofmelodiesandwords.31.Thewriterlikes______music.
A.popularB.lightC.classicalD.dance32.Thewriterdidn’tlikethesongcalledMoonRiver______.A.nowB.atall
C.atthebeginningD.verymuch
33.Fromthesong,weknowthatthedrifterseemsafraidof______.A.everythingB.policeC.dogsD.nothing
34.Thewriterthinkspeoplewhocomefromdifferentcountrieshave______.A.thesamefeelingsofmelodiesandwordsB.differentunderstandingofmelodiesandwordsC.differentfeelingsofmelodiesandwordsD.thesameunderstandingofsoundandwords
35.Thewriterbegantolovemusicwhenhe/shewas_____sometimelongago.A.happyB.excitedC.tiredD.blue
IV.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
agree,expect,interest,increase,it,miss,prefer,whatever,suggest,taste36.Thepizzadeliciouswithoutanycheeseatall.
37.Ihavealotofbooksthatmightyou.Pleasechooseoneofthem.38.EarlierreportsthatameetingwouldtakeplaceonSunday.
39.Sorry,Ican’tgowithyounow.I’macallfrommysoninAustralia.40.Manypeopleareinthatfruitandvegetablesaregoodfortheirhealth.41.happens,I’llbewithyou.
42.ThesedaysTonyclassicalmusic.
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43.Thecompanyhasthepriceofitscars.44.Ithinklifeisalearningprocess(過(guò)程).45.Itwassuchagoodopportunity.Don’tit.
V.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。
46.Whatdoyouthinkofthisfilm?(改為同義句)
doyouthisfilm?
47.ThegirlsloveTwins’songsbecausetheyhavegreatlyrics.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))thegirlsTwins’songs?
48.Myelderbrotherlikesmoviesthatarescary.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)yourelderbrothermoviesthatarescary?49.Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))
singersyoulove?
50.NowIliketovisitamuseumbetterthantolistentotheradio.(改為同義句)NowIvisitingamuseumlisteningtotheradio.
VI.根據(jù)句意,用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。
51.Thefoodinthisrestaurantisdifferentthatinthatrestaurant.52.---Whatdoyouthinkourcity?---It’scleanandbeautiful.
53.Iprefertheapplethepear.
54.Thelittleboyhasaninterestcollectingtoycars.55.Evenonedollarissoimportanthimatthemoment.
VII.基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作。
A.連詞成句。將所給單詞連成完整、正確的句子。標(biāo)點(diǎn)已給出。
56.Tom,all,an,boy,is,honest,that,think,we
.57.me,interest,can,what,you,greatly,Bob,tell
?58.and,her,is,likes,sister,quiet,that,music,gentle
.59.everyone,healthy,how,important,is,keeping,to
!60.do,which,or,prefer,you,friedchicken,cookedvegetables?
B.書(shū)面表達(dá)。
你喜歡音樂(lè)嗎?請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)篇短文,談?wù)勀阆矚g的音樂(lè)及音樂(lè)人,并說(shuō)明理由。要求:1.用2-3個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句;
2.條理清楚,語(yǔ)句通順,80詞左右。
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【試題答案】
I.1~5BCCDC6~10CBDBC11~15CBBAAII.
16~20ABCDB21~25AAACDIII.
26~30CADBB31~35BCDADIV.
36.tastes37.interest38.suggested39.expecting40.agreement41.Whatever42.prefers43.increased44.itself45.missV.
46.How;like47.Whydo;love48.Does;like49.Whatkindof;do50.prefer;toVI.
51.from52.of53.to54.in55.toVII.A
56.WeallthinkthatTomisanhonestboy.
57.CanyoutellmewhatinterestsBobgreatly?58.Hersisterlikesmusicthatisquietandgentle.59.Howimportantkeepinghealthyistoeveryone!
60.Whichdoyouprefer,friedchickenorcookedvegetables?B
WhenIamstressedout,Ialwayslistentomusictorelaxmyself.Ilikemusicthatisquietandgentle,somyfavoritemusiciscountrymusicwhichisquietgreat.Ithasgreatlyrics.MyfavoritesingerisJohnDenverwhocansingthewordsclearly.Heiswell-knownintheworldnow.Youcanlistentohismusicatnightwithyourbedroomlightoff.Ilikehimbecausehismusicremindsmeofwonderfullove.
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